{"id":14808,"date":"2020-01-09T19:56:27","date_gmt":"2020-01-09T17:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kvitkainfo.com\/bez-kategoriyi\/mucholapka-venuse-dionea-pece-rozmnozovani.html"},"modified":"2025-11-11T21:41:59","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T19:41:59","slug":"mucholapka-venuse-dionea-pece-rozmnozovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kvitkainfo.com\/cs\/pokojove-rostliny\/mucholapka-venuse-dionea-pece-rozmnozovani.html","title":{"rendered":"mucholapka venu\u0161e (Dionea). P\u00e9\u010de, rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\nMucholapka (Dionea) je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejexoti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinu na Ukrajin\u011b. Tato rostlina je pred\u00e1tor – \u017eiv\u00ed se hmyzem. Pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou kultivaci je t\u0159eba vytvo\u0159it zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di a v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b kv\u011btiny. \u010c\u00edm m\u016f\u017eete krmit? Jak se starat? P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si n\u00e1\u0161 \u010dl\u00e1nek. <\/p>

Ne\u017e si koup\u00edte velmi drahou rostlinu, mus\u00edte v\u011bd\u011bt, jak krmit mucholapku, proto\u017ee obvykl\u00e9 hnojivo pro rostliny m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161kodliv\u00e9. <\/p>

Za\u010dn\u011bme n\u00e1\u0161 \u010dl\u00e1nek sekc\u00ed:<\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_2\"<\/figure>

Krmen\u00ed mucholapky venu\u0161iny<\/h2>

Mucholapka by<\/strong> nem\u011bla b\u00fdt krmena hnojivy zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi pokojov\u00fdm rostlin\u00e1m. Bio stravu j\u00ed pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e m\u00e1 hlad (m\u00e1 nedostatek dus\u00edku). Po zbytek \u010dasu ji mouchy a kom\u00e1\u0159i nezaj\u00edmaj\u00ed. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b budete cht\u00edt rostlinu vyprovokovat k ob\u011bdu p\u0159i nechutenstv\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee jednodu\u0161e ignorovat va\u0161e pokusy o krmen\u00ed, proto\u017ee je pln\u00e1. Ale proces chycen\u00ed a spolknut\u00ed ob\u011bti (uzav\u0159en\u00ed \u00fast pasti) je p\u016fsobiv\u00fd. <\/p>

Jak \u010dasto mucholapka Venu\u0161e j\u00ed? V\u00fd\u017eiva mucholapky <\/h2>

Mucholapka Venu\u0161e \u017eere<\/strong> pom\u011brn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u011b – asi 1kr\u00e1t za jeden a p\u016fl a\u017e dva m\u011bs\u00edce. Proces vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed potravy je dlouh\u00fd a postupn\u00fd: ob\u011bd trv\u00e1 a\u017e 10 dn\u00ed. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee „p\u0159ej\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed“, p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno, nadbytek dus\u00edku, je pro tuto rostlinu \u0161kodliv\u00e9. P\u0159ekrmen\u00e1 Dionaea m\u016f\u017ee onemocn\u011bt, st\u00e1t se slabou a letargickou. Proto z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na velikosti ob\u011bti. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd „kus“ prost\u011b nep\u0159ekon\u00e1. Zbytky j\u00eddla mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pe\u010dliv\u011b odstran\u011bny z \u00fast. Proto\u017ee se za\u010dnou rozkl\u00e1dat a hn\u00edt, co\u017e je rizikov\u00e9 pro \u017eivot rostliny. <\/p>

Jak pozn\u00e1te, \u017ee je rostlina pln\u00e1? Pokud jsou lapa\u010de zav\u0159en\u00e9, rostlina je pln\u00e1. <\/p>

Mucholapka Venu\u0161ina m\u00e1 obdob\u00ed klidu<\/strong> – podzim – zima. B\u011bhem tohoto obdob\u00ed rostlina odpo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1, v\u010detn\u011b lovu a tr\u00e1ven\u00ed. V\u00edce o obdob\u00ed vegeta\u010dn\u00edho klidu se do\u010dtete n\u00ed\u017ee v \u010dl\u00e1nku <\/p>

Rostlina tak\u00e9 nej\u00ed : b\u011bhem transplantace, nemoci, nedostatku sv\u011btla a jen prudk\u00e9 zm\u011bny prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Mimochodem, n\u00e1kup a p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se nov\u00e9mu domovu je tak stresuj\u00edc\u00ed , tak\u017ee se nepokou\u0161ejte krmit mucholapku Venu\u0161i, jakmile ji p\u0159inesete dom\u016f z obchodu. <\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_1\"<\/figure>

Popis mucholapky Venu\u0161iny<\/h2>

Mucholapka (Dionaea muscipula)<\/strong> je druh maso\u017erav\u00fdch hmyzo\u017erav\u00fdch rostlin monotypick\u00e9ho rodu z \u010deledi rosnatkovit\u00fdch V p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b roste v ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u00edch Georgie, New Jersey, Ji\u017en\u00ed a Severn\u00ed Karol\u00edny. Druh je za\u0159azen na americk\u00e9m seznamu ohro\u017een\u00fdch rostlin. N\u00e1zev druhu muscipula se p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako „past na my\u0161i“ – pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b kv\u016fli chyb\u011b botanika, kter\u00fd rostlinu popsal. Tato kv\u011btina byla nalezena v roce 1760 a pojmenov\u00e1na Dionea na po\u010dest \u0159eck\u00e9 bohyn\u011b, matky Afrodity (Venu\u0161e). <\/p>

Mucholapka venu\u0161ina je vytrval\u00e1 bylinn\u00e1 hmyzo\u017erav\u00e1 rostlina z \u010deledi rosnatkovit\u00fdch V\u00fd\u0161ka dosp\u011bl\u00fdch exempl\u00e1\u0159\u016f nep\u0159esahuje 15 cm. Stonek rostliny je hl\u00edzovit\u00fd, kv\u011bty jsou b\u00edl\u00e9, shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 na dlouh\u00e9 stopce v kv\u011btenstv\u00edch corymbose. V p\u0159irozen\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch mucholapka roste na ba\u017einat\u00fdch p\u016fd\u00e1ch s nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm obsahem dus\u00edku, jako zdroj dus\u00edku pro rostlinu slou\u017e\u00ed hmyz a m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161i, zejm\u00e9na slim\u00e1ci. <\/p>

Listy mucholapky tvo\u0159\u00ed r\u016f\u017eici 4 a\u017e 7 list\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed z podzemn\u00edho kr\u00e1tk\u00e9ho stonku. Lapa\u010de – \u00fasta se objevuj\u00ed po odkv\u011btu. Jsou 8 a\u017e 15 cm dlouh\u00e9, zelen\u00e9 barvy, ale p\u0159i dobr\u00e9m sv\u011btle maj\u00ed jejich vnit\u0159n\u00ed dutiny \u010derven\u00fd odst\u00edn. Pasti se tvo\u0159\u00ed na konci kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch list\u016f shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch v r\u016f\u017eic\u00edch. \u010c\u00edm bl\u00ed\u017ee l\u00e9to, t\u00edm del\u0161\u00ed jsou listy a postupn\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed vzp\u0159\u00edmenou polohu. \u00dast\u00ed past\u00ed se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed ze dvou uzav\u00edrac\u00edch ventil\u016f s \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdmi \u0161t\u011btinami pod\u00e9l okraj\u016f. Uvnit\u0159 \u00fast\u00ed pasti jsou \u017el\u00e1zy, kter\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed nektar, kter\u00fd p\u0159itahuje hmyz. Krom\u011b \u0161t\u011btin jsou pod\u00e9l okraj\u016f pasti t\u0159i spou\u0161t\u011b\u010de, p\u0159i podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed hmyzem se past uzav\u0159e a rostlina za\u010dne vylu\u010dovat tr\u00e1vic\u00ed \u0161\u0165\u00e1vu. <\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_8\"<\/figure>

Jak se starat o mucholapku (Dionea)<\/h2>

Mucholapka Venu\u0161ina je pon\u011bkud rozmarn\u00e1 rostlina. Miluje slunn\u00e1 m\u00edsta, \u010derstv\u00fd vzduch, p\u0159\u00edtomnost hmyzu, zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed podle pot\u0159eby a nem\u00e1 r\u00e1d \u010dast\u00e9 zm\u011bny m\u00edsta. P\u0159esto to vy\u017eaduje zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky <\/p>

Jas sv\u011btla pro mucholapku Venu\u0161i (Dionea)<\/h2>

Sv\u011btlo pro dravou rostlinu je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9. Dionea nem\u00e1 r\u00e1da st\u00edn a pot\u0159ebuje jasn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, min. 4 hodiny denn\u011b. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale velmi \u0161patn\u011b sn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d by m\u011bl b\u00fdt ve sv\u011btl\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch a v l\u00e9t\u011b by m\u011bl b\u00fdt zakryt\u00fd p\u0159ed poledn\u00edm sluncem. Nebo varianta 3 – um\u00edst\u011bte rostlinu na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed nebo z\u00e1padn\u00ed okno. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru m\u00edsta je tak\u00e9 t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee tento dravec netoleruje stojat\u00fd, zatuchl\u00fd vzduch. Proto je t\u0159eba m\u00edstnost, kde roste, pravideln\u011b v\u011btrat. V tepl\u00e9m obdob\u00ed lze rostlinu bezpe\u010dn\u011b p\u0159em\u00edstit na balkon\u011b nebo na zahrad\u011b, na otev\u0159en\u00e9m prostranstv\u00ed. To plat\u00ed i z hlediska jeho loveck\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed. <\/p>

Tip: mucholapka Venu\u0161e roste v\u00fdhradn\u011b doma, pak ji h\u00fd\u010dkejte osv\u011btlen\u00edm. Bude sta\u010dit pou\u017e\u00edt p\u00e1r oby\u010dejn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u0159ivek s v\u00fdkonem 40 watt\u016f, um\u00edstit je nutn\u00e9ne bl\u00ed\u017ee ne\u017e 20 cm od rostliny. <\/em><\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_6\"<\/figure>

Zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed a vlhkost vzduchu a krmen\u00ed mucholapky<\/h2>

Voda na zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed mucholapky je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, m\u011bla by b\u00fdt pouze m\u011bkk\u00e1 (filtrovan\u00e1), je lep\u0161\u00ed ji p\u0159edem p\u0159eva\u0159it. Nem\u011bli byste riskovat a vyu\u017e\u00edvat de\u0161\u0165ovou vodu: v na\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b ekologicky nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch \u010das\u016f nen\u00ed v\u017edy \u010dist\u00e1. Doba z\u00e1livky je d\u00e1na stavem ornice. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159esu\u0161en\u00ed i p\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed. Zal\u00e9vat m\u016f\u017eete jak shora, tak zespodu pomoc\u00ed podnosu. V \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nepou\u017e\u00edvejte hnojiva. To nep\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed v \u00favahu, hnojiva pro Dionaea jsou jed! <\/p>

Kdy p\u0159esadit mucholapku (Dionea)<\/h2>

Tuto rostlinu prakticky nen\u00ed t\u0159eba p\u0159esazovat, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed p\u016fda nen\u00ed vy\u010derp\u00e1na a solen\u00ed p\u0159i zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159eva\u0159enou vodou je nepravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9. Pokud se v\u0161ak p\u0159esto rozhodnete pro p\u0159esazen\u00ed rostliny, zva\u017ete pravidla p\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed: <\/p>

Kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d by m\u011bl b\u00fdt lehk\u00fd a hlubok\u00fd. Lejsek \u0161ed\u00fd m\u00e1 dlouh\u00e9 (a\u017e 20 cm) ko\u0159eny, kter\u00e9 zar\u016fstaj\u00ed hluboko do ko\u0159en\u016f. Krom\u011b toho jsou jeho ko\u0159eny choulostiv\u00e9 a k\u0159ehk\u00e9 – to je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu i p\u0159i p\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed, je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st p\u0159ekl\u00e1dku, aby byly ko\u0159eny co nejm\u00e9n\u011b po\u0161kozeny. <\/p>

P\u016fda by m\u011bla b\u00fdt: ra\u0161elina nebo jej\u00ed sm\u011bs s p\u00edskem nebo perlitem. Pro tuto rostlinu neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9 mo\u017enosti. <\/p>

Po p\u0159esazen\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bte kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d s rostlinou na 3-4 dny do st\u00ednu a zajist\u011bte pravidelnou z\u00e1livku.<\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_4\"<\/figure>

Obdob\u00ed klidu mucholapky Venu\u0161e<\/h2>

Mucholapka Venu\u0161e se na podzim p\u0159ipravuje na odpo\u010dinek: jej\u00ed listy za\u010dnou vysychat a \u010dernat, pot\u00e9 opad\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Samotn\u00e1 rostlina se zmen\u0161uje a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 nep\u0159edstaviteln\u00fd, nezdrav\u00fd vzhled. Nezku\u0161en\u00ed p\u011bstitel\u00e9 kv\u011btin mohou zpanika\u0159it a pokusit se rostlinu o\u017eivit intenzivn\u00edm zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm na nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejteplej\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsto. Ale nen\u00ed d\u016fvod k obav\u00e1m, v takto nevzhledn\u00e9 podob\u011b lejsek „sp\u00ed“. Ona nepot\u0159ebuje v\u016fbec sv\u011btlo a teplo, sp\u00ed\u0161e naopak. Um\u00edst\u011bte kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d s rostlinou na chladn\u00e9, ale ne nutn\u011b tmav\u00e9 m\u00edsto. M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt jen okenn\u00ed parapet, kde je teplota ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pokojov\u00e1 teplota, nebo spodn\u00ed police chladni\u010dky. Pokud m\u00e1te sklep, pak bude fungovat stejn\u011b dob\u0159e. <\/p>

Dionaea by m\u011bla „sp\u00e1t“, pro ni to nen\u00ed rozmar, ale nutnost. Nechte to b\u00fdt a\u017e do poloviny \u00fanora a ob\u010das zkontrolujte stav p\u016fdy: m\u011bla by b\u00fdt m\u00edrn\u011b vlhk\u00e1. A na konci \u00fanora se mucholapka Venu\u0161e pomalu probouz\u00ed. A probud\u00ed se na za\u010d\u00e1tku l\u00e9ta, pak rostlina za\u010dne aktivn\u011b r\u016fst. <\/p>

Reprodukce mucholapky venu\u0161iny<\/p>

Mucholapka (Dionea) m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mno\u017eena vegetativn\u011b: d\u011btmi a stopkou a semeny.<\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_3\"<\/figure>

Reprodukce d\u011btmi<\/h3>

Reprodukce d\u011btmi je pom\u011brn\u011b jednoduch\u00fd proces a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se nej\u010dast\u011bji. Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak ur\u010dit\u00e9 nuance: tento typ reprodukce lze pou\u017e\u00edt jednou za 3 roky. Rostlina nejrad\u011bji p\u011bstuje „rodinu“, vedle d\u011bt\u00ed a jejich \u010dast\u00fdm odd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00edm znateln\u011b sl\u00e1bne. Vzhledem k t\u00e9to skute\u010dnosti je vhodn\u00e9 kombinovat postup odd\u011blen\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte s transplantac\u00ed. Ml\u00e1d\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b odd\u011bleno a sna\u017eit se co nejm\u00e9n\u011b poranit k\u0159ehk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny lejska. Bude lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e to ud\u011bl\u00e1te ostr\u00fdm no\u017eem. Po odd\u011blen\u00ed ml\u00e1d\u011bte od mate\u0159sk\u00e9 rostliny nezapome\u0148te dezinfikovat m\u00edsta \u0159ezu pomoc\u00ed drcen\u00e9ho aktivn\u00edho uhl\u00ed nebo fungicidu. <\/p>

Mno\u017een\u00ed stopkou<\/h3>

Nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u010das pro takov\u00e9 rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed je, kdy\u017e stopka dor\u016fst\u00e1 do d\u00e9lky 4-5 cm. Pot\u00e9 jsou od\u0159\u00edznuty a m\u011blce, sta\u010d\u00ed 1 centimetr, poh\u0159beny v ra\u0161elin\u011b. Pro zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00ed zakryjte v\u00ed\u010dkem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vytvo\u0159\u00edte sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. Nyn\u00ed zb\u00fdv\u00e1 po\u010dkat na v\u00fdskyt mlad\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f. To se nestane rychle. Po celou dobu \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed stopku pe\u010dliv\u011b v\u011btrejte a udr\u017eujte p\u016fdu vlhkou. Pokud stopka vyschla nebo m\u00e1 ne\u017eiv\u00fd vzhled, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee proces selhal. Trp\u011bliv\u011b \u010dek\u00e1me na spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010das – jeden a p\u016fl, dva m\u011bs\u00edce. Pokud je v\u0161e v po\u0159\u00e1dku, objev\u00ed se nov\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee budete m\u00edt nov\u00e9 exotick\u00e9 obyvatele. <\/p>

\"venerina_muholovka_5\"<\/figure>

Mno\u017een\u00ed semeny<\/h3>

Mno\u017een\u00ed semen je pom\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eit\u00fd a zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed proces, jeho\u017e \u00fa\u010dinnost z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zku\u0161enostech a trp\u011blivosti p\u011bstitele. Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, tento zp\u016fsob reprodukce je vhodn\u00fd pouze pro profesion\u00e1ly. Reprodukce semeny se prov\u00e1d\u00ed na ja\u0159e, b\u011bhem kveten\u00ed. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mucholapka (Dionea) je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejexoti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rostlinu na Ukrajin\u011b. Tato rostlina je pred\u00e1tor – \u017eiv\u00ed se hmyzem. Pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou kultivaci je t\u0159eba vytvo\u0159it zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Je tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd p\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di a v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b kv\u011btiny. \u010c\u00edm m\u016f\u017eete krmit? Jak se starat? P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si n\u00e1\u0161 \u010dl\u00e1nek. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":14809,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14808","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pokojove-rostliny"],"yoast_head":"\nmucholapka venu\u0161e (Dionea). 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